Vietnam’s rapid urbanization and economic growth are significantly increasing cooling demand in cities, leading to a surge in power consumption and refrigerant use. This trend is projected to raise emissions from cooling from 34 MTCO2.eq in 2017 to 81 MTCO2.eq by 2030. Furthermore, the urban heat island effect (UHIE) is intensifying as cities replace natural land cover with dense concentrations of pavement, buildings, and other surfaces that absorb and retain heat, further escalating cooling needs. Early action to curb these emissions is a priority for Vietnam, as emphasized in its updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), which aims for a net-zero economy by 2050. Additionally, Vietnam’s commitment is reinforced by its participation in the Global Cooling Pledge with a target to reduce emissions from the cooling sector by 68% by 2050 compared to 2022 levels. Although comprehensive interventions for cooling and extreme heat are crucial, they are currently underdeveloped in existing policy frameworks.
The task aims to carry out a technical analysis to identify the leading factors for the Urban Heat Island Effect (UHIE) in the city and provide strategic interventions that can be undertaken in order to reduce the impacts on the residents. Solutions to counter rapidly rising cooling demand and associated environmental and economic impacts.
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Country / Region: Vietnam